The crystal and supramolecular structure of the bacterial cellulose (BC) has been studied at different stages of cellobiohydrolase hydrolysis using various physical and microscopic methods. Enzymatic hydrolysis significantly aected the crystal and supramolecular structure of native BC, in which the 3D polymer network consisted of nanoribbons with a thickness T = 8 nm and a width W = 50 nm, and with a developed specific surface S_BET = 260 m^2
/g. Biodegradation for 24 h led to a ten percent decrease in the mean crystal size Dhkl of BC, to two-fold increase in the sizes of nanoribbons, and in the specific surface area SBET up to 100 m^2
/g. Atomic force and scanning electron microscopy images showed BC microstructure “loosening“after enzymatic treatment, as well as the formation and accumulation of submicron particles in the cells of the 3D polymer network. Experiments in vitro and in vivo did not reveal cytotoxic effect by the enzyme addition to BC dressings and showed a generally positive influence on the treatment of extensive III-degree burns, significantly accelerating wound healing in rats. Thus, in our opinion, the results obtained can serve as a basis for further development of eective biodegradable dressings for wound healing.