Polymer gels were obtained by dissolution of polyamide 6,6 in dimethylacetamide in the presence of lithium chloride. Supercritical drying of these gels allowed to obtain polymer aerogels with specific surface areas of 20–70 m^2/g, specific pore volume of 0.1–0.4 cm^3/g and porosity of 60–90%. Using complementary methods (IR spectroscopy, helium pycnometry, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, small angle and wide angle X-ray scattering), a detailed analysis of the structure of the obtained materials was carried out taking into account a large body of available literature. It was found that dissolution of polyamide 6,6, its gelation and subsequent low temperature supercritical drying lead to significant changes in the structure of the initial polymer, which is manifested, on the one hand, in an increase in the degree of crystallinity of the material and, on the other hand, in the disordering of crystalline domains.